幽门螺杆菌感染与缺血性心脑病的关系探讨

目的：探讨幽门螺杆菌（HP）感染与缺血性心脏病（IHD）的关系以及可能的发病机理。方法：应用酶联免疫法测定IHD组（142例）和对照组（50例）血清特异性HP抗体（HPIgG),用全自动生化仪测定血清TC,TG＜ApoA1,ApoB,Lp(a),HDL-c,LDL-c含量,应用全自动凝血仪测定血中纤维蛋白原浓度（Fbg),化学比色法测定血清中NO和NOS含量。结果：IHD组血清HPIgG阳性率明显高于对照组（65．49％VS28．00％,P＜0．0001）,经多元回归分析显示HP感染与IHD发病呈明显的正相关（P＝0．0004）,HPIgG阳性者的TG,ApoB,NO,NOS含量明显增高（P＜0．05）,TC,Lp(a),LDL-c,Fbg含量有增高趋势。结论：HP感染与IHD的发生有明显的相关性,其可能的发病机理为HP感染改变了脂质代谢和血管的内皮功能来增加发生IHD的危险。     

Intraosseous thrombosis in ischemic necrosis of bone and osteoarthritis

It has been proposed that nontraumatic ischemic necrosis of bone (INB) is a result of lipid associated intraosseous thrombosis. A histological study of 15 patients with INB confirmed the presence of intravascular lipid and thrombosis in the vessels of the femoral head. A similar analysis of 11 patients with primary osteoarthritis (OA) showed similar changes at lower levels. These changes were not observed in seven control femoral heads. The possibility that both INB and OA result from intraosseous thrombosis is discussed.     

缺血后处理改善前壁急性心肌梗死患者再灌注心肌长轴的收缩功能

目的：探讨缺血后处理(ischemic postconditioning,IPTC)是否能改善左心室受损的局部或整体长轴的收缩功 能。方法：试验分为PCI组、PCI+IPTC组及对照组。PCI组为前壁急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者(ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction,STEMI)患者32例,行首次急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI) 术;PCI+IPTC组为前壁急性STEMI患者28例,行急诊PCI联合IPTC术;对照组为30例,行冠状动脉造影术。采集术 前,术后0.5 h,1 d,3 d,1周,1个月和6个月二维动态超声心动图。对比研究PCI组、PCI+IPTC组与对照组各时间点 局部与整体长轴应变参数。结果：PCI+IPTC组PCI术后1周内左心室梗死节段长轴应变高于PCI组(P<0.05),左心室整 体长轴应变较PCI组有增高趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);PCI+IPTC组术后远期左心室局部及整体长轴应变与 PCI组比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论：IPTC可改善前壁急性STEMI患者PCI术后早期左心室再灌注心肌 的长轴收缩功能。     

大鼠心肌IP第二窗对I/R心肌细胞凋亡的影响及对bcl-2、bcl-xl表达的调节

目的：研究缺血预适应（ＩＰ）第二保护穿对大鼠缺血再灌注（Ｉ／Ｒ）心肌细胞凋亡的影响及戎对调亡抑制基因ｂｃｌ－２、ｂｃｌ－ｘｆｌ蛋白表达的调节。方法：采用ＴＵＮＥＬ法和免疫组化方法。结果：（１）ＩＰ＋ＩＲ２４ｈ组ＴＵＮＥＬ法阳性心肌细胞核数量及阳性心中总心肌细胞核数的百分比均明显少于ＩＲ２４ｈ组（Ｐ〈０．０５－０．０１）;９２）ＩＰ＋ＩＲ２４ｈ组表达ｂｃｌ－２、ｂｃｌ－ｘｌ蛋白阳性的心肌细胞数及阳性     

心肌缺血预适应对急性心肌梗死患者临床及近期预后的影响

目的 对初次急性心肌梗死（ＡＭＩ）发生前４８ｈ有无发作过心绞痛的患者的临床及近期预后进行评价。方法 ７４例初次ＡＭＩ的患者,接受住院常规治疗,按梗死前４８ｈ有无心胶痛分为有ＩＰ组（ｎ－３６）、无ＩＰ组（ｎ＝３８）,两组基本临床情况相似。结果有ＩＰ组较无ＩＰ组心肌梗死范围小（Ｐ〈０．０１）,心肌酶峰值低（Ｐ〈０．０１）,恶性心律失常、心力衰竭、心源性休克发生率及病死率均明显降低（Ｐ〈０．０５）。结     

中西医结合治疗成人股骨头缺血坏死120例

采用中西医结合疗法 ,经皮股骨头内减压引流、靶血管脉冲式加压药物灌注、髂内动脉部分血管栓塞灌药和口服中药治疗成人股骨头缺血坏死 12 0例。通过 12～ 36个月的随访观察 ,髋关节疼痛缓解率为 92 5 0 % ,关节活动度改变率为 96 67% ,DSA检查血管增加达 88 33% ,CT、X线片股骨头骨质改变占 5 5 83%。综合疗效优于任何单项治疗     

The role of postischemic recirculation in the development of ischemic neuronal injury following complete cerebral ischemia

Summary The neuronal response to complete cerebral ischemia (CCI) of 5–15 min duration was evaluated at the light and electron microscopic level subsequent to postischemic recirculation periods of up to 60 min. Following postischemic reperfusion, the homogeneous neuronal changes characteristic of permanent CCI were modified into a heterogeneous pattern of selectively vulnerable neuronal responses. Four basic types of neuronal injury were represented within this heterogeneous neuronal population. The Type I neuronal response was most numerous and consisted of chromatin clumping, nucleolar condensation and a breakdown of polysomes. This response may represent a reversal of some of the neuronal changes observed after permanent CCI. In addition to the above changes, Type II neurons contained swollen mitochondria and Golgi saccules which appeared as microvacuoles under the light microscope. Type III neurons displayed varying degrees of neuronal shrinkage and numerous swollen mitochondria. Type IV neurons were markedly shrunken and electron-dense with few identifiable subcellular structures. The distribution of Type I neurons was random but the other neuronal responses occurred in selectively vulnerable brain regions. The number of Type II, III, and IV neurons increased with extended insult durations but were unaffected by the length of recirculation. Ten minutes of CCI represented the threshold for a significant increase in the number of severely altered neurons. These findings suggest that considerable neuronal injury may be present after 10–15 min of CCI, and the lack of a recirculation period following CCI appears to afford the brain parenchyma an extensive degree of structural protection.Supported by PHS Grant NS-12587     

化痰通络汤治疗缺血性中风恢复期风痰瘀阻证29例的临床观察

目的 观察化痰通络汤对缺血性中风恢复期风痰瘀阻证的临床疗效.方法 将57例缺血性中风恢复期风痰瘀阻证患者随机分为两组,治疗组29例采用化痰通络汤治疗,对照组28例采用消栓通络胶囊治疗,治疗8周后评价临床疗效.结果 两组患者治疗后神经功能缺损评分均得到明显改善(P<0.01),且治疗组优于对照组(P<0.05):治疗组的临床疗效及显效率优于对照组(P<0.05).结论 化痰通络汤治疗缺血性中风恢复期风痰瘀阻证有效.     

A rating system for prompt clinical diagnosis of ischemic stroke

BACKGROUND: When a CT scan is not available, an early accurate clinical diagnosis of ischemic stroke is essential to initiate prompt therapy. Our objective was to construct a clinical index that is easy to use when stroke patients are first evaluated at the hospital, to identify those who probably are experiencing an acute ischemic episode. The study was conducted at a university-affiliated medical referral center and two community general hospitals in Mexico. METHODS: Clinical records were reviewed for 801 patients with sudden onset of a focal or global neurologic dysfunction, presumably of vascular origin lasting more than 24 h. Eligibility criteria for this study were admission to the hospital within the first 24 h after symptomatic onset, CT scan diagnosis between 24 and 72 h, and age >45 years. Ischemic stroke included cases of arterial brain infarction, while nonischemic stroke included subarachnoid or intraparenchymatous hemorrhage, mass lesion, venous infarction, and in cases without a CT scan evidence that could explain the clinical manifestations. Data excerpted for analysis were age, sex, history of diabetes mellitus or previous stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA), time of onset of symptoms, presence of headache, vomiting, neck stiffness, hemiplegia, leukocytosis or atrial fibrillation, diastolic blood pressure, and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) rating. Two multivariable analyses were used: 1) step-wise multiple logistic regression (SMLR), and 2) conjunctive consolidation (CC). RESULTS: After appropriate exclusions, the study proceeded with 83 ischemic and 42 nonischemic stroke patients. With SMLR, six variables were selected as predictive for ischemic stroke, including neck stiffness, diastolic blood pressure, previous history of stroke/TIA, hemiplegia, GCS, and atrial fibrillation. An appropriate sum of weighted ratings had a positive predictive value (PPV) of 100% for ischemic stroke. With consolidated categories, the PPV was 97% when patients had the following: no neck stiffness; no atrial fibrillation but history of stroke/TIA and GCS > or =12, or no neck stiffness but atrial fibrillation. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with acute stroke, clinical data can be used to identify a group with a high probability of ischemic stroke. There are slightly different results between both methods; while SMLR includes the four variables selected by CC, the latter included neither diastolic blood pressure nor hemiplegia/hemiparesia. However, CC results seem easier to understand and interpret than with SMLR.     

丹参注射液加强缺血预处理对大鼠心肌的保护作用

以整体麻醉SD大鼠心脏冠状动脉左前降支结扎／松开作为缺血／再灌注动物模型，研究丹参注射液（SM）在加强缺血须处理（IP）的心肌保护中的作用。结果显示，IP能减轻复灌性心律失常的严重程度，缩小心肌梗死范围；SM能缩小心肌梗死范围；SM联合IP与单纯IP比较，心肌梗死范围进一步缩小；SM联合IP与单纯SM比较，心律失常严重程度减弱且心肌梗死面积进一步减小。结果表明，SM能加强IP的心肌保护作用，特别是加强IP的抗心肌梗死作用。